A surgical abortion is a medical procedure in which pregnancy tissue is removed from the uterus while under general anaesthesia. Typically a brief procedure especially in early pregnancies, knowing the process, potential side effects, risks, and aftercare can help one better understand what to look out for and what to consider.
Types of Surgical Abortion
There are two main approaches to performing a surgical abortion in Singapore:
Vacuum Aspiration
Typically used in the first trimester, this method involves inserting a speculum through the vagina and cervix. A cannula (small tube) is then placed to gently suction out the pregnancy tissue from the uterus.Dilation and Evacuation (D&E)
For second-trimester abortions, a D&E procedure is performed to dilate the cervix opening. It uses a combination of suction and surgical instruments to carefully remove pregnancy tissue.
What to Expect After a Surgical Abortion
Following a surgical abortion, patients are monitored until they are deemed well enough for discharge. Medications and post-care instructions will be provided. While most patients can resume most normal activities the following day, rest is advisable for a smoother recovery.
It is common to experience some side effects after a surgical abortion, which usually subside within a few days or weeks. Common ones include:
Bleeding:
Bleeding that is similar to a normal menstrual period may occur as the body expels the remaining tissue and the lining of the uterus.Cramping:
Uterine contractions can cause cramping that is similar to menstrual cramps.Nausea or Diarrhoea:
Some women may experience nausea or diarrhoea due to hormonal changes or medications.Feeling Sore and Tired:
As the body undergoes a certain degree of stress, one will require a period of rest and recovery.Spotting:
Intermittent light bleeding or brownish discharge can continue after an initial heavier bleeding.Hormonal Changes:
The sudden drop in pregnancy hormones can lead to mood swings, emotional changes, and so on.
How to Manage Surgical Abortion Side Effects
Managing post-surgical abortion side effects involves prioritising physical and emotional well-being. Here are some recommendations:
Prioritise Recovery:
Give your body time to recover by getting plenty of rest.Stay Hydrated:
Drink enough fluids to replenish fluid loss during the procedure and prevent dehydration.Manage Pain:
Take pain relievers as prescribed.Eat Nutritious Meals:
Fuel your body with nutritious food to provide energy and nutrients needed for healing.Avoid Strenuous Activities:
Refrain heavy lifting or intense exercise during the healing period.Seek Emotional Support:
Seek support from trusted family and friends, mental health professionals, or support groups.
What Are the Risks and Possible Complications of Surgical Abortion?
While abortion is generally a safe procedure when performed by an accredited doctor, it still comes with some potential risks. Though unlikely, these include:
Infection:
Bacterial infection of the uterine lining or other pelvic organs can occur if bacteria enter the uterus during or after the procedure. Management involves antibiotics and monitoring for symptoms like fever and pain.Haemorrhage:
Excessive bleeding may require medical intervention to locate and control the source. Post-surgical haemorrhage is often managed with medications and, in severe cases, surgical procedures or blood transfusions.Uterine or Organ Perforation:
Accidental perforation by surgical instruments may necessitate surgical repair. Management generally depends on the severity and location of the injury.Adverse Medication Reactions:
In rare cases, patients may react negatively to anaesthesia or pain medication. Pre-procedure assessments are conducted to minimise risk, and monitoring of vital signs and supportive care is provided during and after the procedure.Incomplete Abortion:
Retention of pregnancy tissue within the uterus following a surgical abortion can potentially cause prolonged bleeding and infection. This may require a subsequent procedure to ensure complete evacuation.
It is important to note that these risks are rare, particularly when the procedure is performed by licensed and experienced physicians. At the Women’s Clinic of Singapore, we adhere to stringent medical protocols to prioritise patient safety and facilitate a smooth recovery.
When to Seek Medical Help
After an abortion, seek immediate medical care if you observe:
Heavy Bleeding:
Soaking more than two pads within an hour or being unable to control bleeding with pads.Severe Pain:
Intense cramps that cannot be managed with painkillers.Foul-smelling Vaginal Discharge:
Any unusual or strong odour from vaginal discharge.Fever:
A temperature of 38°C or higher especially if accompanied with chills.
Delaying medical care in these situations can lead to more serious complications. A doctor can assess your condition and provide appropriate treatment to ensure your safety and well-being.
If you are considering surgical abortion or need assistance, we are here to help you. Fill out this form to schedule an appointment.
